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States of Matter |
Matter is everything around you. Matter
is anything made of atoms and molecules. The universe is
made up of matter and energy. Matter has mass and takes
up space. Energy does not have mass and does not take up
space. Energy moves matter.
There are three main states of matter: Solid, liquid
and gas.
Solid
• Solids have a definite shape
• Molecules are tightly packed together
• Solids are malleable which means
it can be molded into a new shape like clay
• Solids can be elastic which means
it can be bent or twisted into a new shape and then return
to the original shape like a rubberband
• Solids have very little energy
•Examples: Rocks, ice, books
Liquid
• Liquids don’t have a definite shape
• Liquids take the form of the container they are
in
• Molecules are not tightly packed
• Liquids of a medium amount of energy
•Examples: Lava, water, oil
Gas
• Gases have no definite shape or volume
• Molecules are very spread apart
• Gases have a lot of energy
•Examples: Oxygen, hydrogen, steam or water
vapor
The fourth state of matter is Plasma
which is a special form of matter. It that starts
out as a gas and then becomes ionised when
the atoms in a gas have been broken up into free-floating
negative electrons and positive ions. Ions
are atoms that have lost electrons and are left with a positive
electric charge. Lightning, fluorescent light bulbs and neon
signs are examples of plasma.
Think about it!
Below are examples of what atoms due in each
of the three states of matter. What is the difference? What
do you predict makes them change?
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