Grade 4 » Operations & Algebraic Thinking

Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.

CCSS.Math.Content.4.OA.B.4
Find all factor pairs for a whole number in the range 1-100. Recognize that a whole number is a multiple of each of its factors. Determine whether a given whole number in the range 1-100 is a multiple of a given one-digit number. Determine whether a given whole number in the range 1-100 is prime or composite.

Teacher Notes
A factor is a number that can be multiplied to obtain a product. A multiple is a product of two factors. Being fluent with finding factors and multiples will help students when working with fractions, applications of multiplication and division, and prime and composite numbers.
The vocabulary words factor and multiple are often confused. It takes multiple uses to master the difference. Students should be reminded throughout the year and given chances to use the terms in context.
Factors and multiples will be part of almost every lesson. Knowing the meaning, memorizing them, and learning how to manipulate them is one of the keys to success in Algebra.
Prime factorization is not exactly a standard, but it is decomposing numbers with multiplication, and it builds an understanding for multiplication and Algebra.

Student Knowledge Goals
I know multiplication and division facts through 10 (products to 100).
I know a factor is a number being multiplied.
I know a multiple is the product of two factors.
I understand that a product is a multiple of each of its factors.
I know a prime number has exactly two factors - one and itself.
I know a composite number has three or more factors.
I can identify a number that is a multiple of a given one digit number.
I can find all factor pairs for whole numbers in the range 1-100.
I can identify prime or composite numbers.

Vocabulary
composite
divide/division
factor
factor pairs
multiple
multiply/multiplication
prime
product

Teacher Lessons
Multiple Lessons 4.0A.B.4

Student Video Lessons
Prime and Composite Numbers
Multiples
Inverse Operations
Prime Factorization
Learn Zillion Video Lessons

Online Problems, Games, and Assessments
Khan Academy Questions and Video Lessons
Pan Balance Numbers - Balance equations
Factor Trail Game - Printable board game
Online Multiplication Games
Factor Tree
Factor Feeder
Factor Quiz I
Factor Quiz II

Worksheets
Multiplication & Division
Factors
Multiples